Embedded & Firmware
MCU architecture, C programming, peripheral drivers, RTOS, board bring-up, memory/bootloader, and connectivity.
280 topics · 14 with articles
Intern Engineer· 13 of 40
- ARM Cortex-M Pipeline Stages (M0 to M55)Read
- Bit Manipulation: Masking, Setting, ClearingArticle coming
- Bit-Field Struct for Register MappingRead
- C Language Basics: Pointers, Structs, UnionsRead
- C Volatile Keyword for Hardware RegistersArticle coming
- C const and restrict for Optimization HintsRead
- CMSIS-Core, CMSIS-DSP, CMSIS-NN LibrariesArticle coming
- CPSR / APSR Status Flags: N, Z, C, VArticle coming
- Cache Architecture: I-Cache and D-CacheArticle coming
- Cache Coherency and Maintenance OperationsArticle coming
- Cortex-M DSP Extensions: SIMD, SAT InstructionsArticle coming
- Cortex-M FPU Usage (Cortex-M4/M7/M33)Article coming
- Cortex-M Security Extension: SAU, IDAUArticle coming
- Cortex-M55 Helium MVE Vector InstructionsRead
- Data Types and Alignment in Embedded CArticle coming
- Embedded C++ vs. C for Bare-MetalArticle coming
- Endianness: Big vs. Little-Endian Byte OrderArticle coming
- Fixed-Point Arithmetic Q-NotationArticle coming
- Function Pointers and Callback PatternRead
- GCC Cross-Compiler Toolchain SetupArticle coming
- Interrupt Vector Table and Exception TypesArticle coming
- Linker Map File Analysis and SymbolsArticle coming
- Makefile and CMake Build System BasicsArticle coming
- Memory Footprint OptimizationRead
- Memory Map: Flash, SRAM, Peripheral RegionsArticle coming
- Memory Protection Unit (MPU) Region ConfigArticle coming
- NVIC: Priority Grouping, Preemption, Sub-PriorityRead
- Power Management: Sleep, Stop, Standby ModesArticle coming
- Processor Operating Modes: Thread, HandlerRead
- Program Counter, Stack Pointer, Link RegisterRead
- RISC-V ISA Basics and ExtensionsArticle coming
- RISC-V PMP (Physical Memory Protection)Article coming
- Register-Level Peripheral Access via CMSISRead
- Stack and Heap Size ConfigurationArticle coming
- Static, Inline, and Extern LinkageRead
- SysTick Timer ConfigurationRead
- Thumb-2 Instruction Set ArchitectureArticle coming
- TrustZone-M: Secure and Non-Secure WorldArticle coming
- Von Neumann vs. Harvard ArchitectureArticle coming
- Wake-Up Sources: RTC, EXTI, LPUARTArticle coming
Junior Engineer· 1 of 40
- ADC Oversampling and Hardware AveragingArticle coming
- ADC: Single, Continuous, Scan, Injected, DMAArticle coming
- CAN Bus Driver Design with Filters and FIFOArticle coming
- CAN Bus Frame Format: Data, Remote, ErrorArticle coming
- CAN FD: Faster Data Rate and Larger PayloadArticle coming
- CORDIC and FMAC Hardware AcceleratorArticle coming
- CRC Hardware Peripheral UsageArticle coming
- DAC: Single, Dual, DMA and Triangle ModeArticle coming
- DMA Circular Buffer and Double-BufferingArticle coming
- DMA Stream Priority and ArbitrationArticle coming
- EXTI External Interrupt ConfigurationArticle coming
- Encoder Interface (Quadrature) Timer ModeArticle coming
- Ethernet MAC + PHY Driver (RMII / MII)Article coming
- GPIO: Input, Output, Open-Drain, Alternate FunctionArticle coming
- HASH and AES Cryptographic HW AcceleratorArticle coming
- High-Speed ADC Parallel Interface DriverArticle coming
- I2C Multi-Master Arbitration and Bus RecoveryArticle coming
- I2C: Address Format, ACK/NACK, Clock StretchingArticle coming
- I2S and PDM Digital Audio Interface DriverArticle coming
- Input Capture for Frequency MeasurementArticle coming
- JTAG / SWD Debug Interface ProtocolArticle coming
- LIN Bus: Master/Slave and Frame TypesArticle coming
- Low-Power Timer (LPTIM) and Wake-UpArticle coming
- Modbus RTU Implementation on UARTArticle coming
- PWM Output: Timer Configuration, ResolutionRead
- QSPI / OctoSPI NOR Flash DriverArticle coming
- RTC: Calendar, Alarm, Tamper DetectionArticle coming
- SDIO / SD Card Driver with FatFSArticle coming
- SPI DMA Transfer for High-Speed PeripheralsArticle coming
- SPI: CPOL/CPHA Modes, NSS ManagementArticle coming
- SpaceWire and MIL-STD-1553 Avionics ProtocolsArticle coming
- TRNG (True Random Number Generator) DriverArticle coming
- UART / USART: Baud Rate, Parity, Stop BitsArticle coming
- UART Polling vs. Interrupt vs. DMA ModeArticle coming
- USB CDC / Virtual COM Port DriverArticle coming
- USB Device Firmware Upgrade (DFU) ClassArticle coming
- USB Full-Speed: Enumeration, DescriptorsArticle coming
- USB HID Class Device DriverArticle coming
- USB Host: MSC and HID Class DriverArticle coming
- Watchdog Timers: IWDG and WWDGArticle coming
Middle Engineer· 0 of 80
- ARM CoreSight Architecture OverviewArticle coming
- AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform: SOME/IP, DDSArticle coming
- AUTOSAR Classic OS: Task, ISR, AlarmArticle coming
- AUTOSAR Memory Stack: NvM, MemIf, FeeArticle coming
- Automated Hardware Regression Test BenchArticle coming
- Bench Power Supply: Current Limiting for Bring-UpArticle coming
- Binary Semaphore for ISR-to-Task SyncArticle coming
- Board Bring-Up Checklist: Power, Clock, FlashArticle coming
- Buildroot: Minimal Root FilesystemArticle coming
- Bus Fault and Usage Fault DecodingArticle coming
- Bus Pirate for Quick Protocol ProbingArticle coming
- CAN Bus Termination and Bit Timing VerificationArticle coming
- CPU Load Measurement with DWT CounterArticle coming
- Character Device Driver (file_ops)Article coming
- CoreSight ETM Trace (Instruction Level)Article coming
- CoreSight ITM: Stimulus Ports for PrintfArticle coming
- Counting Semaphore and Producer-ConsumerArticle coming
- Current Probe and Differential Probe UsageArticle coming
- DDR Memory Bring-Up and Training (Embedded Linux)Article coming
- DWT: Cycle Counter, Data WatchpointArticle coming
- EDF Scheduling for Real-Time GuaranteesArticle coming
- ETH PHY Bring-Up: MDIO, Speed, DuplexArticle coming
- Embedded Linux Boot Sequence (ROM → U-Boot → Kernel)Article coming
- Embedded Linux Device Tree (DTS) AuthoringArticle coming
- Energy Trace and Power Analyzer UsageArticle coming
- Event Group: xEventGroupSetBits, WaitBitsArticle coming
- FreeRTOS Heap: heap_1 to heap_5 ComparisonArticle coming
- FreeRTOS Task Creation: xTaskCreate, StackArticle coming
- GDB Remote Debugging via J-Link GDB ServerArticle coming
- Hard Real-Time Deadline EnforcementArticle coming
- HardFault Handler Analysis: CFSR, MMFAR, BFARArticle coming
- Heap Fragmentation Analysis and ToolsArticle coming
- Hypervisor for Mixed-Criticality (Xen, Jailhouse)Article coming
- I2C Stuck Bus Recovery ProcedureArticle coming
- IEC 61508 SIL 1/2 OS RequirementsArticle coming
- Idle Hook and Tick Hook FunctionsArticle coming
- In-System Programming (ISP) vs. JTAGArticle coming
- J-Link / ST-Link Debug Adapter UsageArticle coming
- J-Trace for Real-Time Instruction TracingArticle coming
- JTAG Boundary Scan for PCB DebugArticle coming
- JTAG Debug Connector: 20-pin ARM StandardArticle coming
- Linux Kernel Module WritingArticle coming
- Logic Analyzer: Protocol Decode (UART, SPI, I2C)Article coming
- Logic Probe and Digital Pattern GeneratorArticle coming
- MPLAB Harmony / STM32CubeMX HAL AnalysisArticle coming
- Memory Map Debug: Reading .map FileArticle coming
- Message Queue: xQueueSend, xQueueReceiveArticle coming
- Multimeter: Continuity, Voltage, ResistanceArticle coming
- Mutex and Priority Inheritance ProtocolArticle coming
- OpenOCD Open-Source On-Chip DebuggerArticle coming
- Oscilloscope: Trigger, Time/Div, Cursor MeasurementArticle coming
- PC-Sampling Profiler for CPU Hotspot FindingArticle coming
- POSIX API Compatibility Layer on RTOSArticle coming
- PikeOS Real-Time HypervisorArticle coming
- Platform Driver and Device Tree BindingArticle coming
- Power Profiling: J-Link Energy MeasurementArticle coming
- Priority-Based Preemptive SchedulingArticle coming
- RTOS Concepts: Task, Scheduler, Context SwitchArticle coming
- Recursive Mutex for Nested LockingArticle coming
- Round-Robin Scheduling with Time SliceArticle coming
- SPI Flash Erase-Write-Verify TestArticle coming
- SWD Debug: Pinout, Speed OptimizationArticle coming
- Saleae Logic Pro: Digital + Analog CaptureArticle coming
- Segger Ozone: Graphical Debugger with SWOArticle coming
- Segger RTT: Real-Time Printf without UARTArticle coming
- Segger SystemView: Task Timeline ProfilingArticle coming
- Software Timer: xTimerCreate, Start, StopArticle coming
- Stack Overflow Detection: Stack WatermarkArticle coming
- Stream Buffer and Message Buffer (FreeRTOS)Article coming
- Task States: Running, Ready, Blocked, SuspendedArticle coming
- Thermal Camera for Hot-Spot DetectionArticle coming
- Thread-Local Storage in FreeRTOSArticle coming
- Tickless Idle and Low-Power RTOS ModeArticle coming
- Time-Triggered Architecture (AUTOSAR ComStack)Article coming
- U-Boot Environment Variables and Boot ScriptArticle coming
- UART Console: Smoke Test and Boot LogArticle coming
- Yocto Project: Layer, Recipe, BB FileArticle coming
- Zephyr Device Tree and Board ConfigArticle coming
- Zephyr RTOS Architecture and Kernel ServicesArticle coming
- Zephyr Wi-Fi and BLE Stack IntegrationArticle coming
Senior Engineer· 0 of 40
- A/B Partition Firmware LayoutArticle coming
- Anti-Rollback Counter in NVM (eFuse/OTP)Article coming
- Bootloader Anti-Downgrade ProtectionArticle coming
- Bootloader CRC / SHA-256 Integrity CheckArticle coming
- Bootloader Design: Jump to App, Address CheckArticle coming
- Compressed Firmware Image (LZ4, zlib)Article coming
- Copy Table for Data InitializationArticle coming
- EEPROM Emulation in Internal Flash (STM32)Article coming
- Encrypted Flash Storage (AES-CBC with IV)Article coming
- External Flash (W25Q, MX25L) OperationsArticle coming
- FOTA Differential Update (Binary Patch)Article coming
- Factory Test Mode and Boot Mode PinsArticle coming
- FatFS Library Integration and ConfigurationArticle coming
- Firmware OTA Update (FOTA) ArchitectureArticle coming
- Flash Bad Block Management (NAND)Article coming
- Flash Read-While-Write (RWW) Dual-BankArticle coming
- Flash Sector Layout for Config and Cal DataArticle coming
- I2C EEPROM (AT24C) Driver and Wear LevelingArticle coming
- In-Application Programming (IAP) via UARTArticle coming
- Key Provisioning and Secure ManufacturingArticle coming
- Linker Script (.ld): .text, .data, .bss, .rodataArticle coming
- LittleFS: Log-Structured Embedded FilesystemArticle coming
- MCU Flash Programming via SWD (JFlash)Article coming
- MCUboot: Open-Source Bootloader ConfigurationArticle coming
- Magic Number and Boot Decision LogicArticle coming
- Memory Layout for Flash and SRAM RegionsArticle coming
- OTP Fuse Burning ProcedureArticle coming
- Power-Fail Safe Flash Write StrategyArticle coming
- QSPI NOR Flash XIP Mapping ConfigurationArticle coming
- Secondary Bootloader and Chain LoadingArticle coming
- Secure Boot: ECDSA / RSA Signature ChainArticle coming
- Secure Erase and Factory Reset ImplementationArticle coming
- Startup File: Reset_Handler, SystemInit, StackArticle coming
- Trusted Firmware-M (TF-M) BL2 IntegrationArticle coming
- U-Boot Bootloader for Embedded LinuxArticle coming
- U-Boot Environment: bootcmd, bootargsArticle coming
- U-Boot: FIT Image and Verified BootArticle coming
- USB DFU Bootloader ImplementationArticle coming
- Wear Leveling in Flash (LittleFS, FAT)Article coming
- XIP (Execute-in-Place) from External NOR FlashArticle coming
Staff Engineer· 0 of 40
- 5G Modem Integration (Quectel RG500Q)Article coming
- 5G RedCap Module for IoT (Quectel RG200U)Article coming
- Amazon FreeRTOS and AWS IoT ShadowArticle coming
- Azure IoT Hub with MQTT on EmbeddedArticle coming
- BLE Advertising: ADV_IND, ADV_SCAN, ADV_NONCONNArticle coming
- BLE Bluetooth Mesh: Provisioning, ModelsArticle coming
- BLE Fundamentals: GATT, GAP, ProfilesArticle coming
- BLE NimBLE Stack on ESP32Article coming
- BLE OTA DFU (Nordic, Zephyr)Article coming
- BLE Pairing and Bonding (LE Secure Connections)Article coming
- Cellular MQTT and HTTP over Cellular ModemArticle coming
- ChirpStack Private LoRaWAN Server IntegrationArticle coming
- CoAP Protocol for Constrained DevicesArticle coming
- ESP-IDF Wi-Fi: Station, AP, ProvisioningArticle coming
- GATT Client and Server Role ImplementationArticle coming
- GNSS Integration: u-blox M10, L96, LC29HArticle coming
- GNSS NMEA Sentence ParsingArticle coming
- HTTP/HTTPS Client with mbedTLS on MCUArticle coming
- Industrial BLE Bluetooth Mesh ImplementationArticle coming
- LTE-M Data Sending with PSM/eDRXArticle coming
- LoRa SX1276 / SX1262 Driver DesignArticle coming
- LoRaWAN OTAA and ABP Join ProceduresArticle coming
- MQTT with Paho C Embedded ClientArticle coming
- MQTT-SN for Ultra-Constrained DevicesArticle coming
- Matter over Thread / Wi-Fi ImplementationArticle coming
- NB-IoT / LTE-M Module AT CommandsArticle coming
- NFC Forum Tag Type 4 EmulationArticle coming
- Private LoRaWAN with ChirpStack and TTNArticle coming
- RTK-GPS for Precision PositioningArticle coming
- Satellite IoT: Swarm M138, Iridium 9603NArticle coming
- Thread Network Formation (OpenThread)Article coming
- UART Bluetooth Module (HC-05, HM-10)Article coming
- UWB (DW3000) Time-of-Flight ImplementationArticle coming
- WPA2/WPA3 Enterprise Authentication on MCUArticle coming
- Wi-Fi 6 (ESP32-C6) Driver StackArticle coming
- Wi-Fi Basics: 802.11 b/g/n/ax ModesArticle coming
- Wi-Fi Provisioning: BLE-Based, SoftAP, USBArticle coming
- Zigbee Coordinator + End-Device PairingArticle coming
- Zigbee End-Device Firmware with Z-StackArticle coming
- lwIP TCP/IP Stack Integration on RTOSArticle coming
Distinguished Engineer· 0 of 40
- AUTOSAR-Compliant Code GuidelinesArticle coming
- Anti-Tamper: Mesh, Voltage Glitch, TemperatureArticle coming
- Buffer Overflow Protection: Guard BytesArticle coming
- CERT C Secure Coding Standard Key RulesArticle coming
- CWE / CVE Embedded Vulnerability ClassesArticle coming
- Code Coverage: Line, Branch, MC/DCArticle coming
- Code Signing Certificate Lifecycle ManagementArticle coming
- Coding Standard Enforcement in CI PipelineArticle coming
- Cryptographic Agility Migration StrategyArticle coming
- Cyclomatic Complexity and Code MetricsArticle coming
- DO-178C Level A-E Software AssuranceArticle coming
- EU Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) ComplianceArticle coming
- Encrypted OTA Update with Rollback ProtectionArticle coming
- FIPS 140-3 Level 1 Cryptographic ModuleArticle coming
- FMEA for Software (SFMEA)Article coming
- Fault Injection Testing: HW and SWArticle coming
- Firmware Extraction and RE DefenseArticle coming
- Hardware Security Module Driver (TPM 2.0)Article coming
- IEC 61508 SIL 1-4 Software RequirementsArticle coming
- IEC 62304 Medical Software Class A/B/CArticle coming
- IEC 62443-4-2 Component Security LevelArticle coming
- ISO 26262 ASIL A-D Firmware LifecycleArticle coming
- ISO/SAE 21434 Automotive FW CybersecurityArticle coming
- Integer Overflow and Underflow DetectionArticle coming
- Integration Testing with Hardware AbstractionArticle coming
- Key Storage in eFuse / OTP / SE (ATECC608)Article coming
- MISRA-C:2012 Rule Categories and Mandatory RulesArticle coming
- Penetration Testing Embedded JTAG / UARTArticle coming
- Post-Quantum Cryptography on MCU (Kyber)Article coming
- Privilege Levels and MPU Region EnforcementArticle coming
- SBOM (Software Bill of Materials) for FWArticle coming
- Secure Boot: Signature Verification ChainArticle coming
- Secure Element Integration (SE050, ATECC608B)Article coming
- Side-Channel Countermeasures in FirmwareArticle coming
- Stack Usage Analysis and Stack CanaryArticle coming
- Static Analysis: PC-lint, Polyspace, KlocworkArticle coming
- TLS 1.3 on MCU: mbedTLS, wolfSSLArticle coming
- Test-Driven Development (TDD) for EmbeddedArticle coming
- TrustZone-M Secure / Non-Secure API DesignArticle coming
- Unit Testing: Unity, Cmocka, Google TestArticle coming